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refrained (verb)

Толкование Перевод

1 kept

a неодобр. состоящий на содержании

kept woman — содержанка

they kept us stepping all right — им за нами нелегко было угнаться

Синонимический ряд:

1. possessed (adj.) bought; enjoyed; had; held; in hand; on hand; owned; possessed; purchased

2. carried (verb) carried; stocked

3. checked (verb) braked; bridled; checked; constrained; crimped; curbed; held down; held in; hold down; hold in; inhibited; pull in; pulled in; reined; restrained

4. conducted (verb) carried on; conducted; directed; managed; operated; ordained; ran/run

5. detained (verb) detained; held; held back; hold back; keep back; kept back; kept out; reserved

6. lasted (verb) lasted; stayed

7. minded (verb) abide by; adhered; complied; conformed; followed; minded; obeyed

8. observed (verb) celebrated; commemorated; observed; solemnised; solemnized

9. refrained (verb) abstained; forbore; forbore/forborne; hold off; refrained; withheld

10. retained (verb) maintained; retained; stay with

11. saved (verb) lay aside; lay away; lay by; lay in; put by; salt away; saved; set by

12. stored (verb) stashed; stored

13. supported (verb) provide for; supported

English-Russian base dictionary > kept
2 withheld

удерживать; удержанный

Синонимический ряд:

1. delayed (adj.) bogged down; caught up; delayed; detained; held up; postponed; put off

2. denied (verb) denied; disallowed; disapproved; kept back; refused; turn down

3. kept (verb) detained; held; held back; hold back; keep back; kept; kept out; reserved; retained

4. refrained (verb) abstained; forbore; forbore/forborne; hold off; refrained

5. restrained (verb) bridled; checked; constrained; crimped; curbed; held down; held in; inhibited; pulled in; restrained

English-Russian base dictionary > withheld
3 refrain

I noun
Refrain, der
II intransitive verb
refrain from doing something — es unterlassen, etwas zu tun

‘please refrain from smoking’ — "bitte nicht rauchen"

he refrained from comment — er enthielt sich jeden Kommentars (geh.)

* * *
I [rə'frein] noun
(a line of words or music repeated regularly in a song, especially at the end of or after each verse; a chorus.) der Refrain
II [rə'frein] verb
((with from) not to do; to avoid: You are asked to refrain from smoking / from (drinking) alcohol.) unterlassen

* * *

re·frain¹

[rɪˈfreɪn]

n (in a song) Refrain m; (in a poem) Kehrreim m; (comment) häufiger Ausspruch

constant \refrain ständiger Spruch, ewige Leier pej fam

re·frain²

[rɪˈfreɪn]

vi sich akk zurückhalten, Abstand nehmen geh

▪ to \refrain from sth LAW etw unterlassen

please \refrain from smoking (on a sign) „Bitte nicht rauchen!“

kindly \refrain from smoking/talking wir bitten, das Rauchen/Sprechen zu unterlassen

▪ to \refrain oneself sich akk zurückhalten

to \refrain from laughing sich dat das Lachen verkneifen

* * *
I [rI'freɪn]
vi

please refrain! — bitte unterlassen Sie das!

he refrained from comment —

they refrained from such actions — sie sahen von einem solchen Vorgehen ab

I couldn't refrain from laughing — ich konnte mir das Lachen nicht verkneifen

kindly refrain from saying that in front of the children — würden Sie das bitte nicht vor den Kindern sagen

please refrain from smoking — bitte nicht rauchen!
II
n (MUS, POET fig)
Refrain m
* * *

refrain¹ [rıˈfreın]

A v/i (from) Abstand nehmen (von), absehen (von), sich enthalten (gen), unterlassen (akk):

refrain from doing sth etwas unterlassen; es unterlassen, etwas zu tun;

refrain from laughter ( oder laughing) sich das Lachen verkneifen;

refrain from smoking das Rauchen unterlassen

B v/t obs

a) Gefühle etc unterdrücken, zügeln

b) refrain o.s. sich beherrschen

refrain² [rıˈfreın] s

1. Refrain m, Kehrreim m

2. fig Litanei f umg

* * *
I noun
Refrain, der
II intransitive verb
refrain from doing something — es unterlassen, etwas zu tun

‘please refrain from smoking’ — "bitte nicht rauchen"

he refrained from comment — er enthielt sich jeden Kommentars (geh.)

* * *

n.

Kehrreim -e m.

Refrain -s m. v.

zurückhalten v.

English-german dictionary > refrain
4 retenir

retenir [ʀət(ə)niʀ, ʀ(ə)təniʀ]

➭ TABLE 22

1. transitive verb

   a. ( = maintenir) [+ personne, foule, objet qui glisse, chien, cheval] to hold back

• retenir qn par le bras to hold sb back by the arm

• le barrage retient l'eau the dam holds back the water

• retenez-moi ou je fais un malheur ! (inf) hold me back or I'll do something I'll regret!

• retenir qn de faire qch to keep sb from doing sth

• je ne sais pas ce qui me retient de lui filer une claque ! (inf) I don't know what stops me from hitting him!

   b. ( = garder) retenir qn à dîner to have sb stay for dinner

• j'ai été retenu I was held up

• il m'a retenu une heure he kept me for an hour

• si tu veux partir, je ne te retiens pas if you want to leave, I won't hold you back

• son travail le retenait ailleurs his work detained him elsewhere

   c. [+ liquide, odeur] to retain ; [+ chaleur] to keep in

   d. [clou, nœud] to hold

• c'est un simple clou qui retient le tableau au mur there's just a nail holding the picture on the wall

• un ruban retenait ses cheveux her hair was tied up with a ribbon

   e. retenir l'attention de qn to hold sb's attention

• votre demande a retenu toute notre attention your request has been given full consideration

   f. ( = réserver) [+ chambre, place, table, date] to reserve

   g. ( = se souvenir de) [+ donnée, leçon, nom] to remember

• je n'ai pas retenu son nom I can't remember his name

• retenez bien ce qu'on vous a dit don't forget what you were told

• ah ! toi, je te retiens, avec tes idées lumineuses ! (inf) you and your bright ideas!

   h. ( = contenir) [+ cri, larmes, colère] to hold back

• retenir son souffle or sa respiration to hold one's breath

• il ne put retenir un sourire he could not help smiling

   i. (Mathematics) to carry

• je pose 4 et je retiens 2 4 down and carry 2

   j. ( = prélever) to deduct

• ils nous retiennent 1 000 € (sur notre salaire) they deduct 1,000 euros (from our wages)

• retenir les impôts à la base to deduct taxes at source

   k. ( = accepter) to accept

• c'est notre projet qui a été retenu it's our project that has been accepted

2. reflexive verb

► se retenir

   a. ( = s'accrocher)

se retenir à qch to hold on to sth

   b. ( = se contenir) to restrain o.s. ; ( = s'abstenir) to stop o.s. ( de faire qch doing sth ) ; (de faire ses besoins naturels) to hold on

• se retenir de pleurer or pour ne pas pleurer to hold back one's tears

* * *
ʀət(ə)niʀ, ʀtəniʀ
1.

verbe transitif

1) ( empêcher de partir) to keep [personne]; ( retarder) to hold [somebody] up, to detain [personne]

il m'a retenu plus d'une heure avec ses bavardages — he kept me chatting for over an hour

je ne vous retiens pas! — don't let me keep you!

retenir quelqu'un prisonnier — to hold somebody captive ou prisoner

retenir quelqu'un à dîner — to ask somebody to stay for dinner

2) ( maintenir fixe) lit, fig to hold [objet, attention]; ( en arrière) to hold back [cheveux, volet, chien, personne, foule]; to retain [sol]; ( empêcher une chute) to stop [personne]; to rein in [cheval]

retenir sa langue — to hold one's tongue

si je ne l'avais pas retenu, il aurait tout avoué — if I hadn't held him back, he would have confessed everything

retenez-moi ou je fais un malheur! — (colloq) hold me down or I'll go berserk! (colloq)

retenir quelqu'un par la manche — to catch hold of somebody's sleeve

votre réclamation a retenu toute notre attention — your complaint is receiving our full attention

3) ( réprimer) to hold back [larmes]; to hold [souffle]; to stifle [cri, rire, soupir]; to bite back [exclamation]; to suppress [sourire]; to contain [colère]; to check [geste]

4) ( capturer) to retain [chaleur, eau, odeur]; to absorb [lumière]

5) ( réserver) to reserve [table, place]; to set [date]

6) ( confisquer) to withhold [caution, bagages]; to stop [salaire]; ( prélever) to deduct [somme, impôt] ( sur from)

7) ( mémoriser) to remember [nom, date]

retiens-bien ceci — remember this

cet enfant ne retient rien — that child doesn't take anything in

je retiens qu'on peut leur faire confiance — I've learned that they can be trusted

toi, je te retiens! — (colloq) I won't forget this!

8) ( agréer) to accept [argument, proposition]; Droit to uphold [chef d'accusation]; ( considérer favorablement)

votre candidature a été retenue — you're being considered for the post

être retenu comme critère — to be used as a criterion

9) Mathématique to carry (over)

je pose 5 et je retiens 1 — I put down 5 and carry 1

2.

se retenir verbe pronominal

1) ( se rattraper) to stop oneself

se retenir à quelque chose — to hang on to something

2) ( réprimer une envie psychique) to stop oneself

je n'ai pas pu me retenir de pleurer — I couldn't hold back the tears

il ne put se retenir de rire — he couldn't help laughing

je me suis retenu de leur dire ce que je pensais — I refrained from telling them what I thought

j'ai dû me retenir pour ne pas la gifler — it was all I could do not to slap her

3) (colloq) ( réprimer un besoin physiologique) to control oneself

* * *
ʀ(ə)t(ə)niʀ vt
1) (= maintenir) [objet qui glisse] to hold back, [objet suspendu] to hold

2) (= empêcher d'agir) to hold back

retenir qn de faire — to hold sb back from doing

3) (qn contre son gré) to keep, to detain, (en retardant) to hold up

Il a été retenu par un client mécontent. — He was held up by an unhappy customer.

La douane les a retenus pendant des heures. — Customs kept them for hours.

Je ne vous retiens pas, vous devez être pressé. — Don't let me keep you, you must be in a hurry.

retenir qn à dîner — to ask sb to stay for dinner

4) (= contenir) [colère, larmes, rire] to hold back

retenir son souffle; retenir son haleine — to hold one's breath

5) (= se rappeler) to remember

Tu as retenu leur adresse? — Do you remember their address?

je n'ai pas retenu son nom — I can't remember his name

Retiens bien ce que je vais te dire. — Make sure you remember what I'm about to tell you.

6) (= réserver) [table, chambre] to reserve, to book Grande-Bretagne

J'ai retenu une chambre à l'hôtel. — I've booked a room at the hotel.

7) (= garder) [chaleur, odeur] to retain

8) (= prélever) to deduct

retenir qch sur — to deduct sth from

je pose 3 et je retiens 2 — put down 3 and carry 2

9) [candidature] to accept

Sa candidature a été retenue. — He was application was accepted.

* * *

retenir verb table: venir

A vtr

1 ( empêcher de partir) to keep [personne]; ( retarder) to hold [sb] up, to detain [personne]; il m'a retenu plus d'une heure avec ses bavardages he kept me chatting for over an hour; son travail l'a retenu à Paris his job kept him in Paris; je ne vous retiendrai pas longtemps I won't keep you long; je ne vous retiens pas! iron don't let me keep you!; j'ai été retenu I was held up; retenir qn prisonnier to hold sb captive ou prisoner; retenir qn à dîner to ask sb to stay for dinner;

2 ( maintenir fixe) lit, fig to hold [objet, attention]; ( en arrière) to hold back [cheveux, volet, chien, personne, foule]; to retain [sol]; ( empêcher une chute) to stop [personne]; to rein in [cheval]; un crochet retient le volet contre le mur a hook holds the shutter back against the wall; retenir sa langue fig to hold one's tongue; la prudence/ma timidité m'a retenu fig caution/my shyness held me back; si tu ne l'avais pas retenu, il serait tombé if you hadn't stopped him, he would have fallen; si je ne l'avais pas retenu, il aurait tout avoué if I hadn't helded on to him, he would have confessed everything; retenez-moi ou je fais un malheur○! hold me down or I'll go berserk○!; retenir qn par la manche to catch hold of sb's sleeve; votre réclamation a retenu toute notre attention fml your complaint is receiving our full attention;

3 ( réprimer) to hold back [larmes]; to hold [souffle]; to stifle [cri, rire, soupir, bâillement]; to bite back [exclamation] ; to suppress [sourire]; to contain, to suppress [colère]; to check [geste]; elle ne put retenir un bâillement she tried in vain to stifle a yawn; colère retenue suppressed anger;

4 ( capturer) to retain [chaleur, humidité, eau, odeur]; to absorb [lumière];

5 ( réserver) to reserve, to book GB [table, chambre, place]; to set [date]; la date retenue est jeudi prochain the date set is next Thursday;

6 ( confisquer) to withhold, to retain [caution, bagages]; to stop [salaire]; ( prélever) to deduct [somme, cotisation, impôt] (sur from); retenir l'impôt à la source Fisc to deduct tax at source;

7 ( mémoriser) to remember [numéro, nom, date, formule]; to be left with, to get [impression]; ( absorber) to take in [enseignement]; retiens-bien ceci remember this; cet enfant ne retient rien that child doesn't take anything in; je retiens de cet échec que the lesson I learned from that failure is that; je retiens qu'on peut leur faire confiance I've learned that they can be trusted; toi, je te retiens○! I won't forget this!, you'll live to regret this!;

8 ( agréer) to accept [argument, plan, proposition]; Jur to uphold [chef d'accusation]; ( considérer favorablement) votre candidature a été retenue you're being considered for the post; être retenu comme critère/un indice valable to be used as a criterion/a reliable indication; c'est la solution retenue par le gouvernement that's the solution the government has decided on; être retenu comme solution to be the solution adopted;

9 Math to carry (over); je pose 5 et je retiens 1 I put down 5 and carry 1.

B se retenir vpr

1 ( se rattraper) to stop oneself; se retenir à qch to hang on to sth; j'ai essayé de me retenir dans ma chute I tried to stop myself from falling;

2 ( réprimer une envie psychique) to stop oneself; se retenirde faire to stop oneself from doing; se retenir de pleurer/rire to try not to cry/laugh; je n'ai pas pu me retenir de pleurer I couldn't hold back the tears; il ne put se retenir de rire he couldn't help laughing; je me suis retenu de leur dire ce que je pensais I refrained from telling them what I thought; j'ai dû me retenir pour ne pas la gifler it was all I could do not to slap her;

3 ○( réprimer un besoin physiologique) to control oneself; retiens-toi, nous sommes presque arrivés hold on, we're nearly there; ne le gronde pas, il n'a pas pu se retenir don't scold him, he couldn't help it.

[rətənir] verbe transitif

1. [immobiliser] to hold, to keep

retiens le chien, il va sauter! hold the dog back, it's going to jump!

retenir le regard de quelqu'un to arrest somebody's gaze

retenir l'attention de quelqu'un to hold somebody's attention

votre CV a retenu toute mon attention I studied your CV with great interest

retenir quelqu'un prisonnier to hold somebody prisoner

retenir quelqu'un à dîner to invite somebody for dinner

je ne vous retiens pas, je sais que vous êtes pressé I won't keep you, I know you're in a hurry

2. [empêcher d'agir] to hold back (separable)

je ne sais pas ce qui me retient de l'envoyer promener (familier) I don't know what's stopping ou keeping me from telling him to go to hell

retiens-moi ou je fais un malheur (familier) hold me back or I'll do something desperate

3. [refouler - émotion] to curb, to hold in check, to hold back (separable) ; [ - larmes, sourire] to hold back ; [ - cri] to stifle

retenir un geste d'impatience to hold back ou to check a gesture of impatience

retenir son souffle ou sa respiration to hold one's breath

4. [réserver] to book, to reserve

retiens la date du 20 juin pour notre réunion keep June the 20th free for our meeting

5. [se rappeler] to remember

retenir quelque chose to remember ou to recall something

et surtout, retiens bien ce qu'on t'a dit and above all, remember ou don't forget what you've been told

je te retiens, toi et tes soi-disant bonnes idées! (familier) I'll remember you and your so-called good ideas!

6. [candidature, suggestion] to retain, to accept

retenir une accusation contre quelqu'un to uphold a charge against somebody

7. [décompter] to deduct, to keep back (separable)

j'ai retenu 300 euros sur votre salaire I've deducted 300 euros from your salary

sommes retenues à la base ou source sums deducted at source

8. [conserver - chaleur] to keep in (separable), to retain, to conserve ; [ - eau] to retain ; [ - lumière] to reflect

9. MATHÉMATIQUES to carry

je pose 5 et je retiens 4 I put down 5 and carry 4

————————

se retenir verbe pronominal (emploi réfléchi)

1. [se contrôler] to restrain oneself

se retenir de pleurer to stop oneself crying

2. (familier & euphémisme) to hold on

————————

se retenir verbe pronominal intransitif

[s'agripper] to hold on

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > retenir
5 aposta

adv.

on purpose, intentionally. (peninsular Spanish)

pres.indicat.

3^rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: apostar.

imperat.

2^nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: apostar.

* * *

aposta

► adverbio

1 on purpose, deliberately, intentionally

* * *

ADV on purpose, deliberately

* * *

= purposely, knowingly, studiously, on purpose.

Ex. I have purposely refrained from discussing the theory of comparative librarianship which has up to now characterized much of the writing on the subject.

Ex. The ways in which library professionals -- knowingly and unknowingly -- undermine intellectual freedom are discussed = Se analizan las formas en las que los profesionales de las bibliotecas, consciente o inconscientemente, socavan la libertad intelectual.

Ex. Previous economic historians have, by and large, studiously ignored the British slave trade.

Ex. Most consumers felt confident that once a letter is written and posted, no one will read it either accidently or on purpose except for the intended addressee.

* * *

= purposely, knowingly, studiously, on purpose.

Ex: I have purposely refrained from discussing the theory of comparative librarianship which has up to now characterized much of the writing on the subject.

Ex: The ways in which library professionals -- knowingly and unknowingly -- undermine intellectual freedom are discussed = Se analizan las formas en las que los profesionales de las bibliotecas, consciente o inconscientemente, socavan la libertad intelectual.

Ex: Previous economic historians have, by and large, studiously ignored the British slave trade.

Ex: Most consumers felt confident that once a letter is written and posted, no one will read it either accidently or on purpose except for the intended addressee.

* * *

aposta

adverb

( Esp fam) on purpose, deliberately

* * *

aposta adverbio on purpose, intentionally

* * *

aposta adv
Esp on purpose, intentionally
* * *

aposta

adv on purpose, deliberately

* * *

aposta adv on purpose

Spanish-English dictionary > aposta
6 constrained

1. a вынужденный, принуждённый

constrained movement — принуждённое движение

constrained vibration — вынужденное колебание

constrained oscillation — вынужденные колебания

constrained oscillations — вынужденные колебания

2. a напряжённый; смущённый; сдавленный

constrained smile — смущённая улыбка

3. a скованный, неестественный, стеснённый

Синонимический ряд:

1. bound (adj.) bound; compelled; fettered; impelled; obliged

2. controlled (adj.) controlled; incommunicable; noncommittal; reserved; restrained; self-controllednon-committal

3. forced (adj.) coerced; compulsory; forced

4. uneasy (adj.) awkward; uncomfortable; uneasy

5. distressed (verb) distressed; grieved; hurt; injured; pained

6. imprisoned (verb) confined; immured; imprisoned; incarcerated; interned; jailed; jugged

7. made (verb) coerced; compelled; constrained; forced; made; obliged; pressured; shotgunned

8. pressed (verb) bore/borne; compressed; constrained; constricted; cramped; crowded; crushed; inhibited; jammed; mashed; pressed; pushed; squashed; squeezed

9. restrained (verb) abstained; braked; bridled; checked; crimped; curbed; denied; held back; held down; held in; hold back; hold down; hold in; keep back; kept; pull in; pulled in; refrained; reined; restrained; withheld

English-Russian base dictionary > constrained
7 refrain

I rə'frein noun
(a line of words or music repeated regularly in a song, especially at the end of or after each verse; a chorus.) refreng, omkved
II rə'frein verb
((with from) not to do; to avoid: You are asked to refrain from smoking / from (drinking) alcohol.) avholde seg fra

refreng

I
subst. \/rɪˈfreɪn\/

refreng, omkved
II
verb \/rɪˈfreɪn\/

1) avholde seg, avstå, unnlate, la være

• I was on the point of doing it but I refrained

jeg var på nippet til å gjøre det, men jeg lot være

2) ( gammeldags) holde tilbake, tøyle

• refrain one's tears

holde tårene tilbake

refrain from (doing) something ( også) la noe være, la være å gjøre noe

• please refrain from smoking

røyking frabes

refrain oneself styre seg, kontrollere seg

English-Norwegian dictionary > refrain
8 refrain

refrain [rɪˈfreɪn]

1. intransitive verb

s'abstenir ( from doing sth de faire qch)

• he refrained from comment il s'est abstenu de tout commentaire

• please refrain from smoking vous êtes priés de ne pas fumer

2. noun

( = chorus) refrain m

* * *
[rɪ'freɪn] 1.
noun Music, Literature, fig refrain m
2.
intransitive verb se retenir

to refrain from doing — s'abstenir de faire

he could not refrain from saying — il n'a pas pu s'empêcher de dire

please refrain from smoking — sout ayez l'obligeance de ne pas fumer fml

English-French dictionary > refrain
9 refrain

1. n рефрен, припев

2. v сдерживаться, удерживаться, воздерживаться

to refrain from meat — отказаться от мяса

please refrain from smoking during the performance — просьба не курить во время представления

3. v сдерживать, удерживать, обуздывать

he refrained his wrath — он обуздал свой гнев

Синонимический ряд:

1. chorus (noun) burden; chorus; ritornello; strain; theme; verse

2. abstain (verb) abstain; avoid; cease; curb oneself; desist; forbear; hold off; keep; resist; restrain; withhold

3. deny (verb) constrain; curb; deny; hold back

Антонимический ряд:

persist

English-Russian base dictionary > refrain
10 refrain

I [rɪ'freɪn]
nome

1) mus. letter. refrain m., ritornello m.

2) fig. ritornello m.
II [rɪ'freɪn]
verbo intransitivo trattenersi

to refrain from doing — trattenersi o astenersi dal fare

to refrain from comment — astenersi da ogni commento

please refrain from smoking — form. si prega di non fumare

* * *
I [rə'frein] noun
(a line of words or music repeated regularly in a song, especially at the end of or after each verse; a chorus.)
II [rə'frein] verb
((with from) not to do; to avoid: You are asked to refrain from smoking / from (drinking) alcohol.)

* * *
refrain /rɪˈfreɪn/
n.

1 (mus.) ritornello; refrain

2 ( poesia) ripresa; ritornello

3 (fig.) frase ripetuta; ritornello: It's always the same old refrain!, è sempre la solita solfa!
(to) refrain /rɪˈfreɪn/
v. i.

trattenersi; astenersi: I refrained from answering, mi sono trattenuto dal rispondere; Please refrain from smoking, si prega di non fumare.

* * *
I [rɪ'freɪn]
nome

1) mus. letter. refrain m., ritornello m.

2) fig. ritornello m.
II [rɪ'freɪn]
verbo intransitivo trattenersi

to refrain from doing — trattenersi o astenersi dal fare

to refrain from comment — astenersi da ogni commento

please refrain from smoking — form. si prega di non fumare

English-Italian dictionary > refrain
11 refrain

refrain [rɪ'freɪn]

1 intransitive verb

∎ (hold back) to refrain from sth/doing sth s'abstenir de qch/de faire qch;

∎ to refrain from comment s'abstenir de tout commentaire;

∎ she refrained from making a remark elle s'est retenue ou abstenue de faire une remarque;

∎ he couldn't refrain from smiling il n'a pu s'empêcher de sourire;

∎ please refrain from smoking (sign) prière de ne pas fumer

2 noun

Music, Literature & figurative refrain m

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > refrain

См. также в других словарях:

KABBALAH — This entry is arranged according to the following outline: introduction general notes terms used for kabbalah the historical development of the kabbalah the early beginnings of mysticism and esotericism apocalyptic esotericism and merkabah… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
re|frain´er — re|frain1 «rih FRAYN», intransitive verb. to hold oneself back, especially from satisfying a momentary impulse; abstain: »Refrain from wrongdoing. I ve hitherto refrained from appealing to you (George Bernard Shaw). –v.t. 1. Archaic. to hold… … Useful english dictionary
re|frain — re|frain1 «rih FRAYN», intransitive verb. to hold oneself back, especially from satisfying a momentary impulse; abstain: »Refrain from wrongdoing. I ve hitherto refrained from appealing to you (George Bernard Shaw). –v.t. 1. Archaic. to hold… … Useful english dictionary
refrain — {{Roman}}I.{{/Roman}} noun ADJECTIVE ▪ constant ▪ common, familiar ▪ Complaints about school food have become a familiar refrain. VERB + REFRAIN ▪ sing … Collocations dictionary
RASHI — (Solomon ben Isaac; 1040–1105), leading commentator on the Bible and Talmud. His Life Rashi was born at Troyes, France. (See Chart: Rashi Family).His mother was the sister of the liturgical writer, simeon b. isaac . His father was a scholar whom… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
LINGUISTIC LITERATURE, HEBREW — This article is arranged according to the following outline: introduction foreword the beginning of linguistic literature linguistic literature and its background the development of linguistic literature Foreword: A Well Defined Unit the four… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
Tibeto-Burman languages — Introduction language group within the Sino Tibetan family (Sino Tibetan languages). At the end of the 20th century, Tibeto Burman languages were spoken by approximately 57 million people; countries that had more than 1 million Tibeto… … Universalium
Hawaiian language — Hawaiian ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi Spoken in Hawaiʻi: concentrated on Niʻihau and Hawaiʻi, but speakers throughout the Hawaiian Islands and the U.S. mainland … Wikipedia
Tafsir — Part of a series on the Quran … Wikipedia
refrain — [[t]rɪfre͟ɪn[/t]] refrains, refraining, refrained 1) VERB If you refrain from doing something, you deliberately do not do it. [V from ing/n] Mrs Hardie refrained from making any comment... [V from ing/n] He appealed to all factions to refrain… … English dictionary
refrain — I UK [rɪˈfreɪn] / US verb [intransitive] Word forms refrain : present tense I/you/we/they refrain he/she/it refrains present participle refraining past tense refrained past participle refrained formal to stop yourself from doing something. This… … English dictionary

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refrained (verb)

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refrained (verb)

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